Gait

Gait

Gait disturbances	Gait	Cause Of Gait
1	Antalgic Gait		pain
2	Vaulting gait	common in children with limb length discrepancy	pelvic droop, decreased hip, and knee flexion, ankle plantar-flexion	shoe lift or surgery for difference longer than 2 cm; no treatment needed otherwise
3	Trendelenburg gait	pelvis drops to the unaffected side.	hip abductor weakness	Treatment: gluteus medius strengthening
4	Posterior lurch gait	backward trunk lean with hyperextended hip during the stance phase of the affected limb	hip extensor weakness	Treatment: gluteus maximus strengthening
5	Knee buckling – genu recurvatum	posterior capsule locks affected knee joint, hyperextending knee by forwarding trunk leading	knee extensor weakness	Treatment: solid or hinged ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) and quadriceps strengthening
6	Steppage gait	unable to heel strike causing initial contact with toes (foot drop)	ankle dorsiflexion weakness	Treatment: hinged or posterior leaf spring AFO and electrical stimulator
7	Calcaneal gait	knee flexion movement with excess tibial motion over ankle during mid to late stance	ankle plantar flexor weakness	Treatment: hinged or solid AFO to prevent buckling at knee
8	Waddling gait	toe walking (posterior lurch and bilateral Trendelenburg)	proximal muscle weakness	Treatment: low-resistant strength training, aerobic exercise
9	Scissor gait (Crouched gait)	Cerebral palsy	prolonged neonatal hypoxia, Brain injury during birth	Treatment: supportive care
10	Ataxic gait	broad-based, unsteady	cerebellar syndrome (alcohol, phenytoin, stroke, tumor, degenerative, inflammatory)
11	Sensory ataxic gait	stomping gait, Romberg’s test positive	Vitamin B12 deficiency. The patients use visual control to compensate for the loss of proprioception
12	Hemiparetic gait	gait is slow, with a broad base, knee, and hip are extended, during the swing phase, the paretic leg performs a lateral movement (circumduction)	stroke, tumor, trauma, degenerative, inflammatory, vasculitis
13	Festinating gait (Shuffling gait)	short stepped, hurrying, with weak arm swing, or naturally very slow (parkinsonian), in some patients with freezing and slow turning	Parkinson disease	Treatment: dopamine agonist, dopamine precursors, and deep brain stimulation
14	Apraxic frontal gait (Apractic or Bruns apraxia):	gait ignition failure, or with walking difficulty	Bifrontal lesions
15	Hyperkinetic gait		chorea, dystonia, Wilson disease
16	Freezing gait	typically occur on turning or when approaching obstacles, Can fall easily	Parkinson’s disease
17	Myelopatic gait	spastic or stiff gait
18	Propulsive gait	center of gravity anterior to the body
19	Magnetic gai	broad-based, short-stepped, “stuck to the floor,”
20	Myoclonic gait	short-lasting, involuntary jerks
21	Thalamic astasia	fall backward or to the contralateral side while sitting or standing	caused by thalamic lesions or stokes